Ko kukosha kwedhipoziti yemhangura kunotsanangurwa sei?

Ko kukosha kwedhipoziti yemhangura kunotsanangurwa sei?

Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza kukosha kwemhangura deposit.Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, makambani anofanirwa kufunga nezvegiredhi, kukwenenzvera mitengo, inofungidzirwa zviwanikwa zvemhangura uye kureruka kwekuchera mhangura.Pazasi pane pfupiso pfupi yezvinhu zvakati wandei zvekufunga kana uchitarisa kukosha kwemhangura deposit.

1

Ndeapi marudzi emadhipoziti emhangura aripo?

Porphyry copper deposits ishoma-giredhi asi inzvimbo yakakosha yemhangura nekuti inogona kucherwa pamwero mukuru nemutengo wakaderera.Iwo anowanzo aine 0.4% kusvika 1% mhangura uye mashoma emamwe masimbi akadai se molybdenum, sirivheri negoridhe.Porphyry copper deposits inowanzokura uye inotorwa kuburikidza nemigodhi yegomba rakashama.

Copper-bearing sedimentary rocks ndiyo yechipiri inonyanya kukosha mhando yemhangura, inoverengera chikamu chimwe muzvina chepasi rose chakawanikwa mhangura.

Mamwe marudzi emadhipoziti emhangura anowanikwa pasi rose anosanganisira:

Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits ndiwo masosi ecopper sulfide inoumbwa kuburikidza nezviitiko zvehydrothermal munzvimbo dzepasi pegungwa.

Iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) madhipoziti ndeyepamusoro-kukosha kudzika kwemhangura, goridhe uye uranium ores.

Copper skarn deposits, kutaura zvakanyanya, inoumbwa kuburikidza nemakemikari uye emuviri mineral alteration iyo inoitika kana maviri akasiyana lithologies asangana.

2

Ndeipi avhareji yegiredhi yemadhipoziti emhangura?

Giredhi chinhu chakakosha mukukosha kwemamineral deposit uye chiyero chinoshanda chesimbi.Zvicherwa zvakawanda zvemhangura zvinongova nechikamu chidiki chesimbi yemhangura inosungirirwa mumaminerari anokosha.Imwe simbi yasara idombo risingadiwe.

Makambani ekuongorora anoita zvirongwa zvekuchera kuti atore masampureti ematombo anonzi macores.Iyo yakakosha inozoongororwa kemikari kuti ione "giredhi" redhipoziti.

Copper dhipoziti giredhi rinowanzo kuratidzwa sehuremu muzana yedombo rose.Semuenzaniso, 1000 makirogiramu emhangura ore ine 300 kilograms yemhangura yesimbi ine giredhi re30%.Kana kuiswa kwesimbi kwakaderera zvakanyanya, kunogona kutsanangurwa maererano nezvikamu pamiriyoni.Nekudaro, giredhi ndiro gungano rakajairika remhangura, uye makambani ekuongorora anofungidzira giredhi kuburikidza nekuchera uye kuyedza.

Avhareji yegiredhi yemhangura yemhangura muzana ramakore re21 iri pasi pe 0.6%, uye chikamu chemaminerari muhuwandu hweore ore iri pasi pe2%.

Vanoisa mari vanofanirwa kuona fungidziro dzegiredhi neziso rakakosha.Kana kambani yekuongorora ikapa chirevo chegiredhi, vatengesi vanofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchienzanisa nehupamhi hwese hwechibooreso chepakati chinoshandiswa kuona giredhi.Kukosha kwegiredhi repamusoro pakadzika kudzika kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura kukosha kwegiredhi repakati rinoenderana kuburikidza nepakati pepakati.

3

Zvinoita marii pakuchera mhangura?

Migodhi yemhangura mikuru uye inobatsira zvikuru ndeye migodhi yakavhurika, kunyangwe migodhi yemhangura yepasi pevhu haina kujairika.Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mumugodhi wegomba wakavhurika ndiyo sosi iri padyo nepamusoro.

Makambani emigodhi anonyanya kufarira kuwanda kwekuremerwa, iyo uwandu hwematombo asina maturo uye ivhu pamusoro pemhangura.Nyaya iyi inofanira kubviswa kuti iwane pfuma.Escondida, yataurwa pamusoro apa, ine zviwanikwa zvakafukidzwa nekuremerwa kwakawanda, asi dhipoziti ichine kukosha kwehupfumi nekuda kwehuwandu hwezviwanikwa pasi pevhu.

4

Ndedzipi mhando dzemigodhi yemhangura?

Kune marudzi maviri akasiyana emhangura deposits: sulfide ores uye oxide ores.Parizvino, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa sosi yemhangura ore ndeye sulfide mineral chalcopyrite, iyo inoverengera ingangoita 50% yemhangura yekugadzirwa.Sulfide ores inogadziriswa kuburikidza nefroth flotation kuti iwane mhangura yakadzika.Mhangura ores ine chalcopyrite inogona kuburitsa concentrates ine 20% kusvika 30% mhangura.

Iyo inonyanya kukosha chalcocite concentrates inowanzova yegiredhi repamusoro, uye sezvo chalcocite isina simbi, iyo mhangura yemukati inotangira kubva 37% kusvika 40%.Chalcocite yave ichicherwa kwemazana emakore uye ndeimwe yeanonyanya kubatsira mhangura ores.Chikonzero cheichi ndicho chakakwirira chemhangura, uye mhangura iyo ine inoparadzaniswa nyore nyore nesarufa.

Zvisinei, hausi mugodhi mukuru wemhangura nhasi.Copper oxide ore inonyudzwa ne sulfuric acid, ichiburitsa chicherwa chemhangura muine sulfric acid solution inotakura copper sulfate solution.Mhangura inobva yabviswa mucopper sulfate solution (inonzi rich leach solution) kuburikidza nezvinonyungudutsa zvinonyungudutsa uye electrolytic deposition process, iyo inodhura kupfuura froth flotation.