Kushandiswa kweferrous sulfate mukurapa mvura yakasviba inogadzirwa nemineral

Mvura yakasviba inogadziriswa zvicherwa inosanganisira kugadzirisa tsvina, kuzara kwedziva remumadhamu, uye kuyerera kwemvura mumigodhi. Mvura yakasviba inogadziriswa inowanzoendeswa kudziva remumadhamu pamwe chete netsvina yemumadhamu, iyo inonzi mvura yemumadhamu, iyo inowanzoita 60% kusvika 70% yemvura yakasviba inogadziriswa zvicherwa. Huwandu hwemvura yakasviba inogadziriswa zvicherwa hwakawanda, hunomiririra inenge 34% kusvika 79% yemvura yakasviba inobudiswa mumugodhi wese.

Rudzi urwu rwemvura yakasviba rune huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakasungirirwa (SS)—zvikurukuru zvinosanganisira silt, jecha, uye tailings powder—izvo zvisingagadzikane zviri nyore. Uyezve, mvura yakasviba iyi ine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinosvibisa zvine njodzi. Kana ikaburitswa kana kudonhedzwa isina kurapwa kwakakodzera, inosvibisa zvakanyanya manyuko emvura nevhu, inoisa upenyu hwemumvura nezvirimwa panjodzi, uye inosvibisa nzizi nemadziva.

Ferrous sulfate ($\text{FeSO}_4$) inogona kushandiswa kurapa mvura yakasviba inogadzirwa nemineral. Pamvura yakasviba ine cyanide, nzira dzemakemikari dzinoshandiswa—dzakadai senzira yebleaching powder oxidation—ndidzo dzinonyanya kusarudzwa. Neimwe nzira, kubviswa kwecyanide kunogonawo kuitwa kuburikidza nenzira yeferrous sulfate-lime uye nzira yelead-zinc ore.

Pakushandisa nzira yekurapa lime-ferrous sulfate, mukaka we lime ne acid zvinotanga zvaiswa mumvura kuti pH igadziriswe kusvika pa7. Zvadaro, $\text{FeSO}_4$ uye $\text{Cl}_2$ zvinowedzerwa mutangi re contact aeration. Mushure mekuputika kwemhepo, musanganiswa unopinda mutangi re sedimentation kuti ugare wakadzika. Mvura yakasviba yakarapwa inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuburitsa mvura zvakachengeteka kana kuti inogona kushandiswazve, zvichiita kuti mvura ishandiswezve kusvika pa85%. Tsvina ne residue zvinoseferwa kubva mumatangi e pre-sedimentation uye ekupedzisira sedimentation zvinosanganiswa zvakanaka ne flocculants. Mushure mekupatsanurwa ne decanter centrifuge, liquid phase inodzokera mutangi re pre-sedimentation, ukuwo solid cake ichiendeswa kunzvimbo yekuchengetera tsvina (TSF).