Nzira uye Sarudzo yeKupatsanurwa kweCopper-Lead muComplex Sulfide Ores

Nzira dzekuparadzanisa Copper-Lead

Kugona kuyerera kwegalena nemaminerari emhangura akadai sechalcopyrite kwakafanana. Mukugadzira maore emhangura-lead-zinc, zvakajairika kutanga kugadzira copper-lead bulk concentrate, ichiteverwa nekuparadzaniswa kwemhangura-lead. Nzira mbiri dzinowanzo shandiswa: floating copper uchideredza lead, kana floating lead uchideredza copper. Nzira yechinyakare inoshandisa sodium dichromate kuderedza galena nefloat chalcopyrite, kana cyanide kuderedza chalcopyrite nefloat galena. Nekuda kwekunetseka nezvezvakatipoteredza nezve reagents dzese, tsvakiridzo yakakura yakaitwa mumakore achangopfuura pane nzira dzisina cyanide, dzisina chromium, kana dzakaderedzwa makemikari, nekufambira mberi kukuru kwakaitwa. Zvichienderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, vanhu vanosvika 60% muChina vanogadzira complex sulfide ores havashandisi cyanide zvachose, nepo 20% vachishandisa huwandu hushoma (semuenzaniso, 10 g/t), uye vanosara 20% vachiri kushandisa cyanide. Zvisinei, zvirimwa izvi zviri kuchinja kuenda kukubvisa cyanide kana chromate. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuparadzanisa copper-lead dzinoshandiswa mukuita dzinosanganisira:

(1) Nzira yeOxysulfite
Nzira iyi inoshandisa SO₂ kana sulfites pamwe chete nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana yekudzvinyirira galena nefloat chalcopyrite. Inodzvinyirira galena zvakanyanya, inoita kuti chalcopyrite ishande zvishoma, uye hainyungudi simbi dzinokosha.

Misanganiswa yakajairika yekuderedza kushungurudzika inosanganisira:
① SO₂ (kana sulfite) + starch;
② Sulfite + sodium sulfide;
③ Sodium thiosulfate + ferric chloride;
④ Sodium carbonate + ferrous sulfate.

(2) Nzira yeCyanide
Kunyangwe hazvo paine chepfu, cyanide ichiri kushandiswa nekuda kwekushanda kwayo zvakanaka pakuparadzanisa. Kuti ideredze kushandiswa kwecyanide, inowanzo sanganiswa nezvimwe zvinoderedza kushushikana.

(3) Nzira yeCMC + Sodium Silicate (kana Sodium Pyrophosphate)
Pane imwe mine, musanganiswa weCMC nesodium silicate (1:100 nehuremu) kana CMC nesodium pyrophosphate (1:10 nehuremu) wakashandiswa kupatsanura copper-lead bulk concentrate, zvichiwana mhedzisiro yakanaka. Zvicherwa zvikuru muore zvaive galena, marmatite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, uye chalcopyrite. Head grade yaive Pb 1.82%, Zn 2.36%, Cu 0.1–0.15%, S 5%, uye Fe 10–15%. Uchishandisa copper-lead bulk flotation process, kupatsanurwa kwakaitwa nesodium silicate (200 g/t) uye CMC (10 g/t) kuderedza lead nefloat copper. Copper concentrate yakawana 21.36% Cu ne45.83% recovery; lead concentrate yakawana 68.48% Pb ne87.2% recovery. Matope emusanganiswa wemhangura ne lead akarapwa ne copper sulfate kuti iite zinc flotation, zvichiita kuti zinc concentrate ive ne 46.8% Zn ne 88.64% recovery. Maitiro anoratidza kuti CMC inoderedza galena zvakanyanya asi inokanganisawo kutenderera kwemaminerari emhangura. Sodium silicate ine simba shoma pa galena uye haina simba rakawanda pa maminerari emhangura, zvichiita kuti copper idzoke zvakanyanya. Kubatanidza maviri aya kunoshandisa simba rawo kuti pave nekuparadzaniswa kwe copper-lead.

(4) Nzira yekudziyisa
Nzira iyi yakagadzirwa kubvisa kusvibiswa uye kuvandudza mashandiro esimbi. Copper-lead bulk concentrate inopiswa kusvika pa60°C nemhepo inopisa. Mu acidic kana neutral pulp, chalcopyrite inoyangarara zviri nyore nepo galena ichideredzwa. Hapana mamwe ma reagents anodiwa, uye copper concentrate ine giredhi repamusoro ine Pb neZn yakaderera. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kusarudzwa kwekuunganidza kubva pamusoro pegalena uye oxidation yepamusoro zvichikonzera hydrophilicity. Mamwe mabasa anowedzerawo depressants panguva yekupisa. Semuenzaniso, pane imwe concentrator, steam heating yakabatanidzwa neNa₂CrO₄ (1.5 kg/t) se depressant, pasi pemamiriro e60°C uye pH 7.5–8.