Sodium Persulfate (Sodium Peroxydisulfate, Na₂S₂O₈, CAS: 7775‑27‑1)

Sodium persulfate inonyanya kushandiswa sechinhu chakasimba che oxidizing agent, polymerisation initiator, bleaching agent, uye metal etchant. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemakemikari, zvemagetsi, zvemachira, uye zvezvakatipoteredza. Inorongwa seClass 5.1 oxidizing solid, Packing Group III (low-to-moderate hazard oxidiser).

I. Maitiro Akadzama

1. Indasitiri yePolymer neKemikari (chikamu chikuru chekushandisa)
   1. Mutangi we emulsion polymerisation: inoshanda semutangisi wezvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mumvura we polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, acrylic emulsions, styrene acrylic emulsions, uye polyacrylamide (PAM). Inotanga polymerisation patembiricha iri pakati nepakati uye inoshandiswa mu coatings, adhesives, uye flocculant synthesis yekurapa mvura. Inoshanda sechinotsiva azo initiators, isingasiyi ma residues ane chepfu.
   2. Makemikari emumunda wemafuta: inoshandiswa senzira yekupwanya mvura inopwanyika, inoparadza guar gum uye hydroxypropyl guar gum kuti ibatsire kudzoka kwemvura inopwanyika. Kana ikabatanidzwa ne ferrous ion catalysis, inobvumira kukurumidza kupwanyika patembiricha yakaderera.
2. Maindasitiri emagetsi nePCB (chigadzirwa chemagetsi chemhando yepamusoro chekuchenesa)
   1. Mushonga wekucheka mabhodhi edunhu: inogadzira pamusoro pemhangura ine ngura shoma kuti ivandudze kunamira kwefirimu rakaoma, chifukidzo chesolder, uye zvikamu zvakaputirwa nemagetsi. Inocheka mhangura nenickel mumaitiro ekucheka akapfava uye, kusiyana nemasisitimu ane chloride, haikonzeri njodzi yekuora kunokonzerwa nechlorine.
   2. Kuchenesa wafer ye semiconductor: inobvisa tsvina yeorganic uye tsvina yesimbi kubva pamusoro pewafer mukuchenesa kwakaoma uye kwakanyorova semushonga we oxidizing.
   3. Kurapa usati washandisa maelectroplating: inobvisa mafuta, inoora zvishoma, uye inoita kuti simbi isingatsvi nesimbi yemhangura ishande, ichibvisa ma scales e oxide ari pamusoro.
3. Kugadziriswa Kwezvakatipoteredza (Maitiro Epamusoro Ekugadzira Oxidation, AOP)
   1. Kugadziriswa kwemvura yepasi pevhu nevhu: inoshandiswa mu in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO). Inoshandiswa nesimbi yesimbi, alkali, kana kupisa, inogadzira sulfate radicals inoparadza petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, BTEX compounds, antibiotics, uye pesticide residues - inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirisa nzvimbo yakasviba.
   2. Kurapa kwemvura yakasviba: Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuoxidation ye coking, dyeing, chemical, uye marara inoburitsa tsvina ye COD, ruvara, uye refractory organic. Inogona kusanganiswa ne UV irradiation, ultrasound, kana metal ion activation.
   3. Kurapa marara nemifananidzo: inooxidizes thiosulfate mukugadzirisa tsvina yemumvura inobuda mubhavhu, zvichiita kuti ibatsire kudzoreredza maion esirivha.
4. Indasitiri yeMachira neKudhaya
   1. Mumiriri wekugadzira saizi: inooresa saizi dzestarch nePVA dzedonje nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nefiber greige.
   2. Mushonga wekutsvukisa: inoita kuti mvere dzemakwai, sirika, nerineni zvicheneswe pakupisa kushoma pasina kukuvara kwefaibha. Inoshandawo sechinhu chinooxidisa pakugadzira dhayi dzesarufa, ichitsiva sodium hypochlorite kudzivirira kukuvara kunokonzerwa nechlorine.
5. Mamwe Mashandisirwo Emaindasitiri Nemarabhoritari
   1. Indasitiri yemabhatiri: inoshanda semushonga unobvisa polarizing mumabhatiri ane lead acid kubvisa plate passivation.
   2. Makemikoro akanaka: inoshandiswa semushonga we oxidizing mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu, semuenzaniso mu Elbs oxidation kushandura phenols kuita hydroquinones, uye oxidize Mn²⁺ ne Cr³⁺ kuita higher valence states (inokonzerwa nema ions esirivha).
   3. Kuzvichengeta wega uye rabhoritari: chinhu chinooxidisa mumafomula anobvumira bvudzi; uye seAPS (ammonium persulfate) gel polymerisation initiator muPAGE electrophoresis.
   4. Pulp nepepa: inoshandiswa mukuchenesa uye kugadzira ganda rakacheneswa.

II. Kutsigira Maitiro Ekugadzirisa muDownstream Industries

1. Mutsetse wePCB Micro-Etching Process

   Kutevedzana: kubvisa mafuta → sukurudza nemvura → micro-etching (sodium persulfate + sulfuric acid system, 25-35°C) → sukurudza kwemvura kwematanho maviri → neutralization → sukurudza nemvura yakabviswa ioni.
   Midziyo inotsigira: matangi ePP etching anodzivirira ngura, masisitimu ekuongorora otomatiki, on-line ORP-pH monitoring, circulating filtration, uye wastewater oxidation-neutralisation treatment units. Sodium persulfate inozadzwazve nguva nenguva, uye sulfuric acid inochengetedza acidity kuti idzivirire kuora kwemushonga.

2. Kuomeswa Kwemakemikari Munzvimbo (ISCO) yeIvhu neMvura Yepasi

   Masisitimu matatu ekugadzirisa anowanikwa:

   1. Kushanda kwemaion esimbi: sodium persulfate + ferrous sulfate kana paine acidity.
   2. Kushanda kwekupisa: kupisa kusvika 40-65°C kuburikidza nekuisa jekiseni remvura yakadzika.
   3. Kushanda kwealkaline: kuwedzerwa kwe sodium hydroxide kuti pH ikwire pamusoro pe11, zvichikonzera kugadzirwa kwema radicals.
      Midziyo inotsigira: matangi ekusanganisa nekunyungudutsa, matsime ekuisa jekiseni rine simba guru, matsime ekutarisa mvura yepasi pevhu, uye kutarisa kweORP online.
3. Maitiro Ekuvandudza Mvura Yakasviba

   Kutevedzana: Kugadziriswa kwepH → kuwedzerwa kwe sodium persulfate + activator (Fe²⁺/UV) → oxidation reaction tank → flocculation uye sedimentation → effluent discharge.
   Midziyo inotsigira: sisitimu yekudzora ORP iri paindaneti uye unit yekubatanidza UV‑H₂O₂.

4. Maitiro eEmulsion Polymerisation

   Kushanda kweBatch reactor: kuchenesa nitrogen kubvisa okisijeni, kuwedzera sodium persulfate aqueous solution patembiricha yekunze, uye kudya kwakafanana. Midziyo inotsigira: sisitimu yekudzora tembiricha uye kufukidza gasi risina simba kudzivirira kuora kwesimbi nguva isati yakwana.

III. Unyanzvi hwekuchengetedza hwekuchengetedza, kutamisa, uye kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu

1. Kuchengetera zvinhu: nzvimbo yekuchengetedza makemikari ane njodzi, inotonhorera uye inofefetera, tembiricha iri pasi pe30°C, hunyoro huri pasi pe70%. Bvisa kubva kune zvinopisa, zvinoderedza kupisa, maasidhi uye alkali; pasi rinofanira kudzivirira ngura uye haripindi mvura.
2. Kutamisirwa: kutakura zvinhu nemhepo kwakavharwa, kusina simba, negative pressure ne nitrogen blanketing kuti hunyoro husaparare. Mapaipi esimbi haabvumirwi; shandisa mapaipi anodzivirira ngura ePP, PVC, kana FRP.
3. Kuyera huwandu hwedoro: matangi ekunyungudutsa akavharwa, dzivisa simbi dzakadai sesimbi, mhangura nesirivha; shandisa michina yePP/PE inodzivirira ngura. Shandisa mashawa ekukurumidzira, nzvimbo dzekugezesa maziso, uye masisitimu ekufema ane simba.
4.